Pneumatic propelling and steering device for ships.



Patented Sept. l8, I900.

M S R A Z C N A J 0 PNEUMATIC PBOPELLING AND STEERING, EELVJ EQIE FOBSHIPS.

(Applicatjgz; filed Feb 24, 19.09,),

(No Model.)

2 Sheet's-Shee I Wb'lmsses, L

, Patented Sept. I8, 1900.

' C. JANCZARSKI.

PNEUMATIC PROPELLIN G'AND STEERING DEVICE FOR SHIPS.

2 sheets-shet' z.

(Applicatioafiled Feb. 24, 1900.)

" 'i'iiiqzlm inu (No Model.)

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UNITED STATES I PATE T O FICE.

CONSTANTIN JANCZARSKI, OF HUGHESOVKA, RUSSIA.

PNEUMATIC PROPELLING AND STEERING DEVICE FOR SHIPS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 658,265. datedSeptember 18,1900.

Application filed February 24, 1900. Serial No. 6,390. (No model.) I ITo all whom. it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CONSTANTIN J ANCZAR- SKI, a subject of the Emperorof Russia, residing at Hughesovka, Russia, have invented new anduseful Improvements in the Propulsion and Steering of Ships, Boats, andLike Vessels, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements. in the propulsion and steeringof ships, boats, and like vessels.

According to the invention I make use ofthe following principlethat isto say, when a board, for example, is immersed'iu Water at aninclination and air or a suit-able gas forced under the same the saidinclined board or the like will have motion imparted to it by thepressure due to the tendency of the air to rise vertically to thesurface of the water. This principle I apply to the propulsion ofvessels byiuclining the bottoms of the hulls thereof and forcingair'under the inclined planes near the lowermost points of the saidplanes, the said air exerting pressure upon the planes, so as to impartmotion to the vessel in the manner above described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of aboat provided with generating apparatus for propelling it according tothe invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of a suitable air-injector.Fig. 3 is a plan view of a modified construction of boat constructedaccording to the invention. Fig. 4 is a view of a detail; and Figs. 5and 6 are a side elevation and an end View, respectively, of a furthermodification.

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of atboat, showing apparatus forinjecting air under pressure into the supply-pipes e e. The saidarrangement comprises a steam-boilerg, from which steam is conveyedthrough the pipe g to an injector h, which sucks in air and supplies itto the pipes e e. 1 is a three-way valve for controlling the supply ofcompressed air and steam to either of the pipes e e, as may be desired.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of an airinjector which can be suitablyemployed with this arrangement. It comprises the body j,

provided with the internal steam-nozzle j, the

said body being screwed upon the valve 2' at one end and having screwedupon its other end the air-inlet pipe Fig. 4 is a plan view of a boatwherein four supply-pipes 107070 k are employed arranged 5 5 in pairsupon either side of the meeting-point of the two inclined propellingplanes, the two pipes of each pair being located upon the two sides of amedium longitudinal vertical plane through the boat. This arrangement offour supplypipes permits of the vessel being steered by means of thecompressed air or other gas, and to enable the said compressed air orgas to be fed to any one or more of the pipes, as may be required, Iadvantageously 6 provide the distributing device shown to a larger scalethan .Fig. 4.. The said device comprises a casing Z, into which the fourpipes k k k it open, and which receives a valveplug m, provided with atransverse passage m in communication with a peripheral passage m, thesaid latter passage being of such a width that it can place any twoconsecutive pipes k 7c 10 10 into communication with one another. Byrotating the plug the two former pipes or the two latter pipes maybeplaced in communication with the supply of air or other gas underpressure, or the said gas may be supplied to any one of these pipes onlyor to any two pipes'for purposes of steering. For example, when the plugis in the position shown in the figure the boatis propelled forward, byturning the plug through an angle of one hundred and eighty degrees themotion of the boat is reversed, by turning it slightly to the right orleft the direction of motion of the vessel is correspondingly altered,by rotating the plug through an angle of forty-five degrees the gas issupplied to the pipes k k or k 10 and, finally, by turning the plugthrough an angle of ninety degrees the supply of gas is cut off and thevessel is stopped. I

Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate a modification. In this arrangement instead ofinclining the bottom of the vessels hull, as in the constructions abovedescribed, a pair of inclined troughs or the like u. n are suitablyattached to the bottom of the vessel, the said troughs inclining upwardfrom the middle of the boat I00 to the bow and stern, respectively, asin the case of the inclined bottom. A supplemental trough 'n is providedat the end of the rearwardly extending trough and is at a greaterincline to the horizontal plane. This gives force to the ascending air,and thus drives the vessel with thesame power'whicli the air had at thetime when it was at a greater depth in the water. The air is injectedthrough the pipes e e in a similar manner to that above mentioned. Inthis boat I have shown a rudder 0 for steering, although it is obviousthat I can utilize the air-supply in the manner above described, eitherin lieuof the rudi der or in conjunction therewith.

By employing air at a pressure correspond ing. to the weight of a columnof Water extending from the water-level to the bottom of the inclinedplanes I insure the air after passing under the hull reaching. thesurface with practically no velocity, so that no eddi'esor prejudicialcurrents are set up.

Although I have describedfa steam-jetdevice for supplying the compressedair for driving the vessel, I wish it to be understood that, I canemploy any other means suitable for this purpose. Furthermore, insteadof air other gases could be used-for example, the products of combustionor explosion froma thermodynamic engine, carbonic-acid gas,&c;

Having now particularly described and as- 1 certained the nature of mysaid invention and 1 in What manner the same is to be performed, Ideclare that what I claim is 1. In a boat, the combination with thehull, of troughs provided on the under side thereof and adapted to slantupward from the center to the bow and stern respectively, ports in thebottom of'saidhull adjacent to the sides of and communicating with saidtroughs and on either side-of the. center of said hull, pipes leading tosaid ports, a three-way cock governing the air-supply to said pipes, andan air-injector adaptedto supply air under pressure thereto,substantially as described.

2. ha boat, the combination with the hull, of troughs provided on theunder side thereof and adapted to slant upward from the center to thebowandi stern respectively, a supple mental trough providediat the end ofthe rearwardly extending trough andinclin ed u pWard and outwardfromthestern of said hull, ports in the bottom of said' hull communicating withsaid troughs, supply-pipes leading to said ports, a valve governing theair-supply (JONSTANTIN J ANOZARSKI.

Witnesses:

GEORGE K. MARTIN, GEO. N. CARALLI.

